This study offers water resource managers in the municipality of Campinas and the surrounding region – the Campinas Metropolitan Region (RMC) and municipalities in the Atibaia River Hydrographic Basin upstream of the RMC – an overview of the cost-benefit ratio and potential of natural infrastructure in controlling sediment discharge into the water bodies that supply the region. It also aims to evaluate investment opportunities in natural infrastructure to improve water quality and flow through the collection of primary data and information, obtained from consultations with key local stakeholders and the use of financial, biophysical, and geospatial analysis tools.